{"id":2122,"date":"2025-03-11T13:27:29","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T12:27:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.digiamo.cz\/?post_type=slovnik&p=2122"},"modified":"2025-03-11T13:27:29","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T12:27:29","slug":"smtp","status":"publish","type":"slovnik","link":"https:\/\/new.digiamo.cz\/new\/slovnik\/smtp\/","title":{"rendered":"SMTP \u2013 Co to je a jak funguje SMTP server?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Co je SMTP?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)<\/strong> je internetov\u00fd protokol pro odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mail\u016f. Zaji\u0161\u0165uje doru\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v mezi e-mailov\u00fdmi servery a sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed e-mail\u016f od odes\u00edlatele k p\u0159\u00edjemci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak funguje SMTP protokol?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SMTP funguje na principu klient-server<\/strong>. Po odesl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailu klient (nap\u0159. Outlook, Gmail, Thunderbird) kontaktuje SMTP server<\/strong>, kter\u00fd ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed u\u017eivatele a p\u0159ed\u00e1 zpr\u00e1vu dal\u0161\u00edm server\u016fm, a\u017e dojde k jej\u00edmu doru\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proces prob\u00edh\u00e1 v n\u011bkolika kroc\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Odesl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailu<\/strong> \u2013 U\u017eivatel zad\u00e1 e-mail a klikne na \u201eOdeslat\u201c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. P\u0159ipojen\u00ed k SMTP serveru<\/strong> \u2013 Po\u0161tovn\u00ed klient se spoj\u00ed se serverem p\u0159es TCP\/IP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed u\u017eivatele<\/strong> \u2013 SMTP server zkontroluje p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed \u00fadaje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. P\u0159enos e-mailu<\/strong> \u2013 Zpr\u00e1va se p\u0159epos\u00edl\u00e1 p\u0159es r\u016fzn\u00e9 servery sm\u011brem k c\u00edlov\u00e9mu adres\u00e1tovi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Doru\u010den\u00ed do schr\u00e1nky<\/strong> \u2013 Pokud c\u00edlov\u00fd server p\u0159ijme e-mail, ulo\u017e\u00ed jej do IMAP<\/strong> nebo POP3 schr\u00e1nky<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    SMTP server a jeho role<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    SMTP server je zprost\u0159edkovatel mezi odes\u00edlatelem a p\u0159\u00edjemcem e-mailu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd poskytovatel e-mailov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb m\u00e1 sv\u016fj SMTP server, nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Gmail: smtp.gmail.com<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Seznam.cz: smtp.seznam.cz<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Outlook: smtp.office365.com<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Bez SMTP serveru by nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 e-maily odes\u00edlat, proto\u017ee by nem\u011bly cestu k doru\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      SMTP porty \u2013 Jak\u00e9 existuj\u00ed?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      SMTP pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e9 porty<\/strong> v z\u00e1vislosti na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Port<\/strong><\/th>Pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      25<\/td>Ne\u0161ifrovan\u00fd SMTP (dnes blokov\u00e1n ISP)<\/td><\/tr>
      465<\/td>\u0160ifrovan\u00fd SMTP (SMTPS, SSL)<\/td><\/tr>
      587<\/td>Doporu\u010den\u00fd port pro \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 SMTP (TLS)<\/td><\/tr>
      2525<\/td>Alternativn\u00ed port pro SMTP<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Pokud v\u00e1\u0161 poskytovatel blokuje port 25<\/strong>, doporu\u010duje se pou\u017e\u00edvat 587<\/strong> nebo 465<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      SMTPS \u2013 Zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 verze SMTP<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      SMTPS<\/strong> je \u0161ifrovan\u00e1 verze SMTP, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159enos dat pomoc\u00ed SSL\/TLS<\/strong>. D\u00edky tomu se e-maily pos\u00edlaj\u00ed \u0161ifrovan\u011b, co\u017e chr\u00e1n\u00ed citliv\u00e9 informace p\u0159ed odposlechem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      SMTP vs SMTPS \u2013 Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • SMTP<\/strong> \u2013 ne\u0161ifrovan\u00fd, standardn\u011b na portu 25<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • SMTPS<\/strong> \u2013 \u0161ifrovan\u00fd protokol, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 porty 465<\/strong> a 587<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u010cast\u00e9 chyby a probl\u00e9my se SMTP<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • SMTP server odm\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161patn\u011b nastaven\u00fd port nebo blokovan\u00fd serverem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • E-mail kon\u010d\u00ed ve spamu<\/strong> \u2013 M\u016f\u017ee chyb\u011bt autentifikace pomoc\u00ed DKIM, SPF nebo DMARC<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Chybn\u00e1 SMTP konfigurace<\/strong> \u2013 Nap\u0159\u00edklad nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 adresa serveru nebo \u0161patn\u00e9 p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed \u00fadaje.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          SMTP je nezbytn\u00fd protokol pro odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mail\u016f. Aby e-maily dorazily bezpe\u010dn\u011b a spr\u00e1vn\u011b, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nastavit SMTP server<\/strong>, spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 SMTP porty<\/strong> a pou\u017e\u00edvat \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed (SMTPS)<\/strong>. P\u0159i probl\u00e9mech se SMTP doporu\u010dujeme zkontrolovat konfiguraci a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b zm\u011bnit port.<\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Co je SMTP? SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) je internetov\u00fd protokol pro odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mail\u016f. Zaji\u0161\u0165uje doru\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v mezi e-mailov\u00fdmi servery a sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed e-mail\u016f od odes\u00edlatele k p\u0159\u00edjemci. Jak funguje SMTP protokol? SMTP funguje na principu klient-server. Po odesl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailu klient (nap\u0159. Outlook, Gmail, Thunderbird) kontaktuje SMTP server, kter\u00fd ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed u\u017eivatele a p\u0159ed\u00e1 zpr\u00e1vu dal\u0161\u00edm server\u016fm, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":[],"categories":[26],"class_list":["post-2122","slovnik","type-slovnik","status-publish","hentry","category-online-marketing"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.digiamo.cz\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/slovnik\/2122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.digiamo.cz\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/slovnik"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.digiamo.cz\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/slovnik"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.digiamo.cz\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.digiamo.cz\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.digiamo.cz\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}